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FOOD |
SUBSTANCE/TOXIN |
POTENTIAL HAZZARD |
| Peanuts, peanut products, corn, wheat, rice, that are grown or stored under conditions that favor mold growth | Aflatoxin |
Liver damage, possibility of liver cancer |
| Cereals (rice, wheat, barley, etc.), peanuts, peas, lentils, soya beans, strawberries, bananas, mangoes, pineapples, sesame, poppy and caraway seeds, tea, chocolate, coffee, yeasts, alcoholic beverages, honev and other foods likely to contain pollen | Allergens |
Eczema, hives, hay fever, asthma, headaches, abdominal distress, behavioural abnormalities |
| Apple seeds, pear seeds, apricot pits, peach pits | Amygdalin |
Stomach ache, illness, death |
| Carrots | Aniline |
Cancer |
| Mung beans, rice bran, beets, Brussels sprouts, buckwheat seeds, and some berries | Anti-thiamin compounds |
Beriberi- weakness, loss of appetite, irritability, nervous tingling throughout the body, poor arm and leg coordination, and muscle pain deep in the calves |
| Raw egg whites | Avidin |
Biotin deficiency- depression, lethargy, eczema, dermatitis, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, inflammation of the tongue, and muscle pain |
| Tea, coffee, cola-type soft drinks | Caffeine |
Increased urination, nervousness, upset stomach: tremors, irritability, possibility of birth defects, possibility of behavioural change |
| Carrots | Carototoxin |
Nerve poison |
| Zucchini | Cucurbitacins |
Vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea, collapse |
| Apricot kernels, peach kernels, apple seeds, tapioca, young bamboo shoots, bitter almonds, colored varieties of lima beans | Cyanide |
Abdominal pain, vomiting, mental confusion, sensory loss, respiratory distress, spastic weakness |
| Broad beans | Favism |
Anaemia due to an inborn error of metabolism; the disease has an ethnic distribution around the Mediterranean and some other areas |
| Parsnips | Furocoumarins |
Stomach ache, painful skin reactions due to increased sensitivity to UV rays |
| Sweet potatoes | Furfural |
Symptoms similar to intoxication- euphoria, headache, dizziness, nausea, and eventual unconsciousness and death due to respiratory failure |
| Potatoes, especially sprouts | Glycoalkaloids |
Severe stomach ache and even death |
| Cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, kale, turnips, swedes, mustard seeds, horseradish | Goitrogens |
Goitre, particularly in areas where the iodine content of food is low |
| Uncooked legumes (castor beans, kidney beans, lima beans, soya beans, lentils, peas) | Haemagglutinins |
Retarded growth, diarrhea |
| Kumara, sweet potato | Ipomeamarone |
Death |
| Legumes such as chickpeas and vetch, sweet pea, grass pea | Lathyrogens |
Spastic paralysis of the legs, skeletal abnormalities |
| Mouldy rice, mouldy grain | Mycotoxins |
Vomiting, damage to bone marrow, convulsions, psychotic behaviour |
| Spinach, rhubarb | Oxalic acid |
Muscle twitching, cramps, decreased breathing and heart action, vomiting, pain, headache, convulsions and coma |
| Celery, lettuce, spinach, cabbage, cured meats | Nitrates and nitrites |
Decreased oxygen-carrying ability of blood in infants with gastro-enteritis; possible risk of gastric cancer |
| Legumes, flax seeds, berries, nuts, clover | Phytoestrogens |
Endocrine disrupter |
| Celery | Psoralens |
Produces phototoxic dermatitis on exposure of skin to sunlight |
| Comfrey, some 'herbal' teas | Pyrrolizidine alkaloids |
Possibility of liver disease and liver cancer |
| Sprouted and 'greening' potatoes | Solanine |
Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, throat irritation |
| Tea, coffee, cocoa and sorghums | Tannins |
Interfere with digestibility of proteins |
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